Baris Standiþ (‘The Barley Stands’)

Ermanaricus (or *Airmanareiks, to give the reconstructed Wulfilian Gothic form) was a famous – or fabled – king of the Eastern Pontic Goths who, according to the ancient historian Jordanes, carved out a sizeable “empire” in the area of roughly the present-day eastern Ukraine and western Russia during the second part of the fourth century AD. This song is imagined to have been composed by the court musician Hugilaiks to help the king overcome worry and sleeplessness—a kind of lullaby for the overstressed, if you will—when his kingdom begins to fall apart under pressure from invading Eastern tribes of Alans and Huns. You can listen to the recording here (3:28);  just click the white arrow-head (or download it here):

 

 

Haþuwalda

According to the Annales of Tacitus (2.62-63), “Catualda” (a Latinization of almost certainly a Germanic name *Haþuwalda) was driven out of his homeland by the Marcomannic king Maroboduus – again a Latinized name – in the early first century AD. He found refuge among the Baltic Goths (“Gotones”) but ultimately returned with a vengeance, ousting Maroboduus in 18 AD. As Tacitus writes,

among the Gotones was a youth of noble birth, Catualda by name, who had formerly been driven into exile by the might of Maroboduus, and who now, when the king’s fortunes were declining, ventured on revenge. He entered the territory of the Marcomanni with a strong force, and having corruptly won over the nobles to join him, burst into the palace and into an adjacent fortress. . . . Maroboduus, now utterly deserted, had no resources but in the mercy of Caesar.

This song is Haþuwalda’s lament, uttered in his flight from Maroboduus, but also a vow to return with a vengeance. You can listen to the recording here (2:08);  just click the white arrow-head:

 

 

Drinkam (‘Let Us Drink’)

Drinkam is a drinking song that is imagined to have been composed in celebration of a fictive victory in 342 AD by a coalition of the eastern Goths under Ermanaricus (Latinized form equivalent to the expected Gothic *Airmanareiks) and the Eruli under Alaricus (Latinized form = *Alareiks) over the forces of the neighbouring Bosporan Kingdom under Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis VI. While no extant textual source mentions any such conflict, archaeological finds suggest at least that Rhescuporis VI’s rule was shocked by a conflict during this time. A falling out occasioned by this victory is imagined to have led in turn to the historically real conflict between *Airmanareiks and *Alareiks, wherein the latter was soundly defeated (Jordanes Getica).